Содержание
- 2. Objectives Mood, affect, mood disorders (mood D/O’s) Nosology, epidemiology, treatment (tx) of: Major depressive disorder (MDD)
- 3. О чем лекция Настроение, аффект, расстройства настроения Нозология, эпидемиология, лечение Большое депрессивное расстройство (MDD) Стойкое депрессивное
- 4. О чем лекция Дифференциальный диагноз, в том числе: Депрессивное против биполярного расстройства и связанные с ним
- 5. Mood - The subjective sense indicates the long, deep and constant feeling that affects a person,
- 6. Настроение - субъективное ощущение указывает на длительное, глубокое и постоянное чувство, которое влияет на человека, его
- 7. Настроение - субъективное ощущение указывает на длительное, глубокое и постоянное чувство, которое влияет на человека, его
- 8. Mood - The subjective sense indicates the long, deep and constant feeling that affects a person,
- 9. Mood v. Affect “mood” a sustained emotional attitude typically garnered through pt self-report “affect” the way
- 10. Отличие Настроение от Аффекта ” Настроение» - устойчивое и длительное, по времени, эмоциональное состояние, обычно оценивается
- 11. Major Depressive Disorder
- 12. Economics of Depression — U.S.A. Data - Total Annual Cost ~$44 Billion 9 Lost productivity—55% Suicide—17%
- 13. Economic costs of mental disorders in trillion US$ using three different approaches: direct and indirect costs
- 14. Major Depressive D/O (MDD) Diagnosis req’s ≥1 major depressive episode (MDE) MDE = ≥2wks of signif
- 15. Major Depressive D/O (MDD) Эпидемиология Ведущая причина инвалидности среди взрослых до 45 лет Распространенность в течение
- 16. Требования для диагноза Депрессии ↓’d настроение ангедония
- 17. Question: When does a major depressive episode (MDE) ≠ Major Depressive Disorder?
- 18. Question: Когда Большой Депрессивный Эпизод ≠ Большое Депрессивное Расстройство? ИСКЛЮЧЕНИЯ: не вызвано веществом / лекарством или
- 19. Major Depressive D/O (MDD) EXCLUSIONS: not attributable to a substance/medication or another medical condition no prior
- 20. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 21. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 22. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 23. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 24. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 25. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 26. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 27. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 28. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 29. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 30. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 31. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 32. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 33. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 34. Major depressive disorder w/ anxious distress w/ mixed features w/ atypical features w/ melancholic features w/
- 35. Belmaker RH and Agam G, NEJM 2008, 358:55-68 iproniazid (1957) imipramine (1959)
- 36. Question: Do antidepressants have additional actions besides inhibition of reuptake transporters? chemical inbalance
- 37. Question: Имеют ли антидепрессанты дополнительные действия помимо ингибирования переносчиков обратного захвата? chemical inbalance
- 38. Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. Malberg JE, Eisch AJ, Nestler EJ, Duman
- 39. Subsequent hypotheses about MDD altered glutamatergic transmission ↓’d GABAergic transmission monoamine-Ach imbalance disruption of endogenous opioid
- 40. Key brain areas involved in regulation of mood (A) Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC)1 Modulates pain and
- 41. Key brain areas involved in regulation of mood (A) Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC)1 Регулирует боль и
- 42. Key brain areas involved in regulation of mood (cont.) (A) Amygdala: regulates cortical arousal and neuroendocrine
- 43. Key brain areas involved in regulation of mood (cont.) (A) Amygdala: регулирует возбуждение коры головного мозга
- 44. Brain atrophy in depression? 1. Bremner JD, et al. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(1):115-118. 2. Images courtesy
- 45. Major Depression: Cognition Learned helplessness (Seligman) (Seligman & Maier, 1967) Attribution of lack of control over
- 46. Major Depression: Cognition Приобретенная (выученная) беспомощность (Seligman) (Seligman & Maier, 1967) Приписывание отсутствия контроля над стрессом
- 47. Seligman & Beck Seligman Attributions are: Internal Stable Global I am inadequate (internal) at everything (global)
- 48. Seligman & Beck Seligman Attributions are: Internal Stable Global Я неадекватен (внутренний) во всем (глобальный) и
- 49. Cognitive theories Beck’s theory: 31 Character of pessimism (NegativeTriad) Habits of negativity (Negative schemas) Erroneous thinking
- 50. Cognitive theories Beck’s theory: 31 Характер пессимизма (Негативная триада) Привычки к негативу (негативные схемы) Ошибочное мышление
- 51. Characteristic biases Arbitrary inference Selective abstraction Overgeneralization Magnification and minimization 32
- 52. Characteristic biases Неоднозначные вывод Селективная абстракция Чрезмерное обобщение Преувеличение и преуменьшение 32
- 53. Behavioral theories Learned helplessness/hopelessness is a behavioral theory with a cognitive twist. Reduction in reinforcement leads
- 54. Behavioral theories Приученная беспомощность / безнадежность - это поведенческая теория с акцентом на когнитивный элемент. Уменьшение
- 55. Interpersonal theory Reduced interpersonal support Experiences of rejection Due to social structure Inadequate social networks Others
- 56. Interpersonal theory Снижение межличностной поддержки Отрицательный опыт неприятия окружающими Из-за социального несоответствия Неадекватные социальные связи Другим
- 57. MDD tx options selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) fluoxetine (PROZAC), 20-80 mg/d citalopram (CELEXA), 20-40 mg/d
- 58. Sequenced Treatment Alternatives for the Relief of Depression (STAR*D) major NIMH-funded study (PI: A. John Rush)
- 59. Trivedi MH et al, Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;163(1):28-40 47% response rate on citalopram (by *QIDS-SR,
- 60. MDD tx options Ψtherapy cognitive bx therapy (CBT) interpersonal therapy (IPT) psychodynamic therapy interventional Ψ electroconvulsive
- 61. Major Depressive D/O (MDD) NATURAL HISTORY (Frank E and Thase ME, 1999 & DSM-5) recovery usually
- 62. Kendler KS, et al. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(8):1243-1251. Number of Previous Depressive Episodes 10 Risk (Odds
- 63. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) 2y of depressed mood (1y in children/adolescents) most of the day, more
- 64. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) 2y подавленного настроения (1 год у детей / подростков) большую часть дня,
- 65. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) may be more treatment-resistant (TxR) than straightforward MDD EPIDEMIOLOGY lifetime prevalence =
- 66. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) может быть более устойчивым к лечению (TxR), чем MDD ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ Распространенность на
- 67. Premenstrual dysphoric d/o Criterion A. In most menstrual cycles, ≥5 sxs in the final week before
- 68. Premenstrual dysphoric d/o Критерий А. В большинстве менструальных циклов ≥5 симптомов за последнюю неделю перед началом
- 69. Premenstrual dysphoric d/o Критерий C. ≥1 (или более) sx для достижения в сумме 5 очков в
- 70. Premenstrual dysphoric d/o (M)ood (labile &/or irritable &/or anxious) Sleep Interest Body Energy Concentration Appetite Out
- 71. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder *severe recurrent temper outbursts (verbal or behavior) grossly disproportionate to the situation
- 72. Bipolar disorder
- 73. Bipolar D/O (BD) Epidemiology Diagnostic criteria: BD I ≥ 1 manic episode MDE is neither sufficient
- 74. Bipolar D/O (BD) Manic episode: elevated mood & ≥1wk of at least 3 of the following
- 75. Bipolar D/O (BD) Маниакальный эпизод: повышенное настроение и ≥1 недели по крайней мере 3 из следующих
- 76. Bipolar Disorder (BD) EXCLUSIONS: another medical cause substance/medication causes SPECIFIERS: same as w/ MDD plus: rapid
- 77. Bipolar Disorder (BD) MORE on ‘w/ mixed features’… IF full criteria met for both poles, the
- 78. Bipolar Disorder (BD) MORE on ‘w/ mixed features’… ЕСЛИ полные критерии соответствуют обоим полюсам, диагноз, по
- 79. Biology of Bipolar D/O (BD) failure of linkage studies Janice Egeland – 2 decades of work
- 80. *’s 2 accompanying papers (same issue of Nature) unable to replicate chr11 assocn’s in independent pedigrees
- 81. Linkage studies 6q (LOD 4.19 narrow), 8q (LOD 3.40 broad) (still hold-up in meta-analyses – e.g.,
- 82. More on select GWA-identified candidates CACNA1C α1 subunit of a voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel per citations in
- 83. Bipolar Disorder (BD) – treatment The old standard: mood stabilizer + reuptake blocker Debunked: gabapentin (NEURONTIN)
- 84. John Cade. Ψist at a provincial hospital in Australia figured mania was 2/2 an abnormally secreted
- 85. Bipolar Disorder (BD) – treatment (cont’d) Li+ v. Depakote / valproate (VPA) (Bowden CL, 2001) Li+
- 86. Bipolar Disorder (BD) – treatment (cont’d) How many agents to use? combination tx often helpful in
- 87. Bipolar Disorder (BD) – natural history 60% of manic episodes immediately precede an MDE MDE’s usually
- 88. Bipolar Disorder (BD) – natural history 60% маниакальных эпизодов перейдут, практически сразу, в MDE MDE обычно
- 89. Cyclothymic D/O 2y of fluctuating mood (1y in children, adolescents) hypomanic symptoms (but NOT episodes) dysthymic
- 90. Cyclothymic D/O 2 года переменчивого настроения (1 год у детей, подростков) гипоманиакальные симптомы (но НЕ эпизоды)
- 91. Differential diagnosis
- 92. Phenocopies and gray areas… Anxiety D/O’s (esp. GAD, PTSD) Schizoaffective D/O Delirium Dementia Personality D/O’s Substance/Medication-induced
- 93. Depressive, Bipolar & Related D/O d/t a Another Medical Condition Endocrine (e.g., thyroid, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/HPA) Neurologic (e.g.,
- 94. Substance/Medication-induced Depressive, Bipolar & Related D/O ILLICITS can be from intoxication or withdrawal phases EtOH –
- 95. Mood D/O’s lab w/u CBC Chem panel TSH B12 U-tox U-preg (dep on demographics) RPR (syphilis)
- 96. Summary – cont’d Diagnostic building blocks (not counting mixed feature possibilities…)
- 97. 5 Myths and Facts About Suicide Myth #1: People who talk about killing themselves rarely commit
- 98. 5 Myths and Facts About Suicide Myth #2: The suicidal person wants to die and feels
- 99. 5 Myths and Facts About Suicide Myth # 3: If you ask someone about their suicidal
- 100. 5 Myths and Facts About Suicide Myth # 4: All suicidal people are deeply depressed. 43
- 101. 5 Myths and Facts About Suicide Myths # 5: Suicidal people rarely seek medical attention. 44
- 102. Socio-demographic Risk Factors Male > 60 years Widowed or Divorced White or Native American Living alone
- 103. Clinical Risk Factors Previous Attempts Clinical depression or schizophrenia Substance Abuse Feelings of hopelessness Severe anxiety,
- 104. Suicide:Treatment Problem-solving Cognitive behavioral therapy Coping skills Stress reduction 47
- 106. Major depressive disorder (MDD) – Key Points MDD can be a chronic, recurrent, and progressive condition1,2
- 107. Major depressive disorder (MDD) – Key Points MDD может быть хроническим, рецидивирующим и прогрессирующим заболеванием. MDD
- 108. Mood D/O’s are Ψ conditions where emotional dysregulation is the primary issue. Mood d/o’s can be
- 109. Расстройство настроения - это психической состояния, при котором эмоциональная дисрегуляция является основной проблемой. Падение настроения может
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